One of the Most Incredibly Disregarded Solutions for Writing a Thesis Paper Website

One of the Most Incredibly Disregarded Solutions for Writing a Thesis Paper Website If you would like to enroll for the Master Thesis Management, you need to be able to graduate. Thesis is the report of a research work achieved by someone in his subject of study. Nowadays you have a working thesis! Want to Know More About Writing a Thesis Paper Website? In order to create an offer letter easily and in a limited time period, you will come across a selection of proposal manufacturing software easily on the marketplace. You would like a thesis topic that will entice others' attention as well as continue to keep your attention. Each strategy at first before you're in learning driving sense. Explore the regions where you have basic understanding. If you're writing a thesis for the very first time, you have to be careful and take time to prepare a great paper. Use a single sentence to describe how you'll introduce the paper. You definitely don't need to ask anybody to compose my thesis paper. Before you start writing the paper, determine what you already know and what it is you are looking forward to learn. Write my essay for me help have to be efficient and quick. If you understand how to write the standard essay, you certainly understand how to compose a thesis paper. A thesis is regarded as a crucial paper necessary for achieving academic success. Understanding how to compose a research paper thesis provides you an upper hand in college. Considering spending hours in the library offers you the chills. Possessing a template will probably make new suggestions less problematic for you, leaving you to concentrate on writing the specifics. Let's say you pay for over 10 orders for the length of a training course. So you wish to compose a dissertation with a minimum quantity of struggles. The APA thesis writing is also called the American Psychological Association style and it's the more prevalent format of the two. If you make a point, consult with the text. Often part of the Introduction, but may be a distinct section. The APA thesis writing formats heading in accordance with the degree of headings in the report. Just because is not a great reason behind an argument. Say more than that which is already verified fact. Let's now examine the thesis statement a bit more closely. The sort of the essay needs to be decided before formulating the thesis and writing thesis statement being they must match the kind of the attempt. There are various approaches and unique approaches to compose a thesis statement. Guarantee that the tone and general language sounds right. Writing a Thesis Paper Website and Writing a Thesis Paper Website - The Perfect Combination A great idea should present the field as well as the comment about your position. A thorough description of your idea ought to be in the body portion of your paper. It is simple to drift away from the subject and incorporate unnecessary information that may not be truly proving your point. You post a personalized essay request on our auction-style website. So, as soon as a student makes the decision to purchase a thesis online, we do advise he or she makes proper inquiry prior to making any financial decisions about getting a thesis online. In general, cat juggling needs to be banned since it's icky for men and women who need to deal with the kids who watch cat juggling performances. Lastly originality is crucial. At the time that your skills improve, writing begins to feel as a task you really appreciate. Students have plenty of essays and research papers to write, therefore there's nothing unusual in the simple fact that professional writers mostly. In addition, it has to be written utilizing a conventional writing style. What You Must Know About Writing a Thesis Paper Website You should supply a thesis early in your essay in the debut, or in longer essays in the second paragraph as a way to establish your position and provide your reader a feeling of direction. A thesis statement is a condensed overview of your whole essay. It is one sentence. It is one of the most important elements of any successful essay.

How Congress Got The Value Of The Program - 1903 Words

The memo addressed that Congress had realized the value of the program. The previous legislation was cumbersome to the companies and the employees. The need is to provide the companies and the employees with the opportunity to work with the United States. The labor force would boost the economy and help companies improve (Borjas, 1995). Option 5: Increasing Workers Portability. Traditionally, the United States has been the most lucrative destination for the gifted international student. The country s acceptance of the students was a technical move in beating the rivals, United Kingdom, and Canada (She Wotherspoon, 2013). The move aimed to strengthen the country s economic lead on the global scale. The various options discussed above†¦show more content†¦The international students enroll in advanced research programs that highlight their contributions to the host country. Following the 9/11 attacks, the United States put stringent measures on the visa immigration regulations (Laque, 2011). The move faced statewide criticisms from the universities and lobbyists groups. The petitions forced the government to revisit the laws that they had closed off to attract and retain the high-skilled labor force that it required. The changes in regulations lowered the proactive participation of the U.S. in the market to attract and retain the students. The current pattern indicates a reduced number of students coming into the United States. The main activists for the change in immigration stance were the high-tech companies. The companies are highly dependent on the talent that the international students bring to the job market. The country failed to react in a proactive manner and as such very few retention policies exist. The U.S. did not address the urgency of reforming the student retention policies, the main one being the mobility of the workers. Creating polic ies that manage student mobility would enable the country to retain as well as attracting newer entrants to the system. The mobility policies would work to balance the working of the plans to create a more effective solution for the country. Administrative Costs: The United States had the

Hypnoanalysis Treatment Plan free essay sample

She had reasonable relations with her mother, but she had been ill for a while and died when Miss G was 15, making her teenage years difficult. Her father subsequently introduced his then secretary into the household as their ‘new’ mother and moved out against her father’s wishes. She entered into a relationship with a man who was somewhat older than her, got married (her father refused to attend the wedding) and had two children. Her husband later left her for another woman. Although she got on well with her siblings, she felt outside the family unit and has let go of these attachments slightly over the years. Being shy, a redhead and of slight appearance, she was bullied at school and did not achieve anything outstanding academically. Since her husband left, she worked in various situations (mainly shopwork) these never lasted long as when she asked to perform duties that she felt were beyond her (using a till/computer), she admitted to feeling trapped due to her lack of skills and rather than be ‘found out’ would react in a defensive way and quit the job. Her two children (girl/boy) had both got partners but their marriages had been bumpy. Her son had married but walked away from his wife after a year, met another woman with whom he had had 3 children, only to move on again. She blames herself in part for not having a male influence in the house during her son’s formative years. In the past she has had a few liaisons but nothing has come of them as she is so used to her own space that sharing it would need her to change, something she is not sure she wants to do. She feels at a low ebb with work harder to find, close to her children but with certain reservations about how they have turned out, distanced from her other family as she has led a rather self-serving life. She feels she should have done better but it seems as if everything has been against her. Based on tests, Miss G was found to have the following: Modality – AuditoryScreed type – Authoritarian Identifying client issues This could have simply been a case of Cumulative Trauma (CT), given that the Initial Sensitising Event (ISE) lay back at her father’s attitude at her birth. He pointed out that she was not the child he had hoped for, only made worse by being unsupportive during her early years and, after her mother’s death, disregarding her. Added to this, a far from happy time at school. Her mother’s terminal illness, the appearance of a stepmother, going off with a man who could be seen as a surrogate father figure, her own father’s turning his back on her and somewhat distant relationship with her siblings, her views on her own offspring’s lives and being unable to tackle her shortcomings at the workplace: all things that were beyond her rational control and that took their toll in her life. The ‘drip-drip’ effect has had a negative effect on her everyday existence, making it difficult to fit in and seemingly impossible to hold down a long-term relationship or job and turning the issues into a Compound Cumulative trauma (CCT). Possible treatments To tackle her current state of emotions that are causing her to feel a failure at whatever she does, we need to explore various therapies that could help her to undo the damage done in her childhood and also put her life into perspective, focussing on self-worth and letting go of any thoughts of self-blame. Her worries form part of the anxiety/stress group where her personality has taken on bad habits leading to an inability to hold down a position because of her fear of not being to perform her job correctly. Likewise her fear of entering into a relationship that she sees as being doomed before it has started, due to her parents’ and her own marriage failing, and now her son’s. Miss G is using Repression as an Ego Defence Mechanism (EDM), she has pushed down her father’s comments, her parents’ fights, her mother’s death, her school life. As the oldest sibling, and leaving home at an early age, she would have had little chance to talk with her sisters about events at home as they still lived there. She has the tendency to engage in the ‘urge to repeat’ where both her personal and professional dealings are concerned. Possibly still looking for a father figure to nurture her, she falls into an endless round of job searching that ends up with her not being able to cope and walking out. We need to help her – remove any negative programming she acquired during childhood lay to rest the unhappy child that she clearly was and heal the wounds come to terms with her mother’s death (swept under the carpet by the appearance of a stepmother, what was left unsaid/undone) as well as her father’s death (what was left unsaid) understand relationships, not to look back at her parents’ marriage as a model not her past exploits. Take on board that she is not the underdog change her perception on any given problem (turn negative into positive) increase her confidence, self-acceptance (point out her positive points, her talents, her uniqueness) There are various hypnoanalysis techniques that we can employ with the aid of hypnosis to help Miss G shake off the past, come to terms with who she is today having made a peace with her past self, and be prepared to move on with her life without the emotional baggage that has weighed her down almost all her life: Accessing Emotions Inner Child Therapy Regression Free Association Accessing Emotions While Miss G has understood to a certain degree how her early life has shaped her current world, she will still have emotions buried in herself that she would need to face up to in order to be able to move on. Using this technique will enable her to get in touch with those hidden feelings and allow her to express these in an unforced manner. Getting her to a state of near-hypnosis and entering into a question and response sequence that can proceed into more pertinent territory (eg, starting with â€Å"for breakfast I had†¦Ã¢â‚¬  / â€Å"my favourite pastime is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  following on with more probing statements â€Å"when I see my father I feel†¦Ã¢â‚¬  / â€Å"I feel secure when†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). We would be able to ascertain Miss G’s emotional condition vis-a-vis the people and situations that make her stuck in her present state. Noting her responses and emotions can allow us to proceed to a more positive session of Regression. Inner Child Therapy Inner Child Therapy (ICT) would be of great benefit to Miss G, although with an understanding of the possible abreactions that might ensue from it. The inner child is hidden away, it has never grown up and still feels as a child might. It requires encouragement from the older self to make that bond, to allow expression of thought to an adult self (important as other adults might have been seen as being untrustworthy). The child’s emotions would have formed Miss G’s belief system and a chance to alter the younger self would banish the later personal lifestyle. Allowing her to make an emotional connection with her younger self, giving reassurance and love where it was lacking. This may need to be done on several occasions to enforce the feeling of ‘belonging’ and being wanted. Used in conjunction with other forms of analytical therapy, ICT is also suitable for people who have come to terms with their past but possibly requiring further help. It does not suit everyone, factors such as age when the ISE occurred and to what extent disassociation may have been used play a part. Regression Forgotten experiences can be rediscovered and relived with regression. There will be both positive and negative ones, but we deal with the latter to try and understand how they were caused and why we hold onto them. For it to work there must be total trust between therapist and client. Miss G would understand that as this is a journey to where the ISE took place there will be abreactions, understandably. This is interactive therapy, the onus is on the client: she will be able to talk and feel more relaxed for it. But the therapist should only lead the client to the ISE itself and not make suggestions that are incorrect or fabricated. But it allows questions to be made that can bring out the feelings of the client as well as asking her what is happening. The subconscious will only give up as much as it wants to, to protect the client from divulging more than is necessary for their own well-being. Regression therapists don’t analyse a relationship but explore defining moments of it. Exploring means reliving in full, including physical feelings (cold feet, wet underwear etc). Choices of screeds could, amongst others, include corridors of time, going into a garden and down steps, attic full of memories/photos. NLP and CBT Could both be intertwined with the above, replacing stress/anxiety with strategies that work. Empowerment and taking control of her life in a positive manner, using anchors to improve her day-to-day skills. Would help to have homework for improved results. Ethical Issues Miss G must be confident of the trust, confidentiality and ultimate bond between her and the therapist.

The advantages and disadvantages of having the pets free essay sample

With the development of society, people have more demanding. So that, most people discuss the importance of staying healthy and living longer by diet, work, and exercise. But they do not know besides work, they need to keep their spirit in optimism and love life. In the modern life, pets become popular with many households. Since, pets are loyal friends. They also support a lot of things for people life such as they help police in work, keep house for people. Hence, owning at least ne pet in house will help human spirit stable and healthy, thereby extending the life. In fact, majority of families have pets like dogs, cats and birds. It means we will difficult to find a household where they do not have pet. As Pets in society (n. d) stated: Pets provide companionship, affection and protection. They can become playmates and partner, with unique bonds being formed between humans and the animals, which become essential parts of their life. We will write a custom essay sample on The advantages and disadvantages of having the pets or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Between them have certain relation, interact and support each other in their life. This essay will analyze the popularity of pets. Each household and each people have various pets hobby. In the pet world, there are many kinds of pets. They are divided into different categories such as: useful animals and pets in house. The useful animal helps their owners some Jobs, for example: the dog prevents robbery for the house owners by barking at a stranger or the passers-by, People do not like the furniture gnawing of mice. The cats catch mice in house, it against the infestation of mice in houses. There are real stories about the bravery of dogs. Some kinds of pet always defend their owners. As Hansen said that, hen Justin Becker was at the Staten Islands apartment, a thief tried to break into his apartment. He attempted to against by closing the door but the thief had a gun and maybe shot Becker. At that moment, his dog is Kilo, a 12-year-old pit bull. The dog came at the robber and was shot instead of their owner and make the burglar ran away. (Hansen, 2012) Moreover, kind of pets, which make people feel comfortable after long working hours are birds, rabbits, hamsters, fishes, dogs and cats. When people finished working, they can take care and play with pets. For log times, it would become a habit in order to relax after working. Besides, people should think really carefully and find information about lifestyle before decide to buy a pet. Because pets will associate and require owners to spend more time understanding and taking care them. With different kind of pet, people have different ways to take care them. However they should know specifically the best way to protect them from diseases. If people want their pets are always healthy, according to Care Sheets (n. ), owners should make hygiene pet and shelter follow timetable, which is suitable with them. If a pet thats imported from abroad, owner need to have valid papers, because each ountry has different pets legal. On the other hands, pets are trusted friends as they give comfort and affection. They also bring many advantages and benefits to people. Pets can help therapeutic and prolong the lives of human being, esp ecially elderly folk and people who live alone. Even young children satisfy well to animals rather than their human companions. Therefore between human and pets have a relationship and connection. Through taking care of pet, people can get lesson in responsibilities and patience. Above all things, the development of children is very important. It is an ngoing process. Besides the influence of parents about teaching children, emotional and cognitive developments are also necessary. Having the pet affect childrens development. It helps children learn at an early age the way to take care themself thank to taking care for their pet. (Haggerty, Gerace and Summers, 1989) Additionally, pets make children understand the feeling of people around, in other words how someone else feels? As Paul (1992) points out, when children have a pet, they will take care of their pets every day, they can know and understand the feelings and needs of ets such as when the pet feels hungry, children can know and pour food into the bowl for pets or when pets feel sad or angry, they will take a walk or play with pets in order to make them feel better. As a result, children can understand the feeling and demanding of people from an early age. Pets are really meaningful for children. Children often feel compassion with pets. Thus they also have more sympathy with other people than children do not have pets. Besides that, having pets makes children confident in communication. (Poresky and Hendrix, 1990) Furthermore, the owner also receives health benefit from pets. Pets affect to physical health and mental health of people. It means pets help people to improve their health. People who have pets are more confident and difficult to suffer from depression than those without pets. Pets companionship also help people relieve loneliness, stay healthier and have lower blood pressure than people who do not have pets when they meet stressful situations. Moreover, playing with pets also help people relax and comfortable. As Pet ownership and human health stated: Pets may enhance social interactions with other people, thus providing an indirect effect on wellbeing. Social contact has been long recognized as beneficial in that it alleviates feelings of loneliness and social isolation. Pets undoubtedly act as social catalysts, leading to greater social contact between people. (Nicholas and Collis, 2000) In addition, people also create exercise habit when they taking a dog for a walk. This activity will improve healthy not only for human, but also for pets. A dog is a faithful companion. When I studied at secondary school, my teacher has said a real story about the dogs loyalty in her family. On a day, her mother walked to the market, she saw a dog on the street nd she thought it might be a wandering dog but it was really lovely. When she came back home, she surprised because she saw that dogs behind her and finally she decided feed it and it was called Aki. Everyday, she played and took care Aki; it lived with her as a friend or a child. But about 3 years, she was ill and died. In the funeral, the family completed the interment. After 2 months, Aki has died because it was so sad, bored and did not eat anymore. This is a real and simple story, but we can saw the loyalty of Aki, a dog loyal with the master. Especially, pets also distribute to the evelopment of scientific when this industry are developing. Pets also keep the important role so that help the scientist in research. Scientist often uses pets to experiment. If pets do not exist, this industry is difficult to develop and find something else to replace. Replacing animals, n. d) The increase of pets business is a problem that needs to pay attention and rising. Many stores open to sale clothes, food, toy and house for pets, not only best quality but also beautiful and pretty. Besides, it also has many services to take care pets, open playground, where pets can meet and play together. When owners have work or travel for a long time, they cannot bring pet; they ca n give pets to veterinary room or pets house. At this place, pets will be kept and taken care. Another example of developing business of pets is taking care of pets. It increased rapidly in Canada in recent years. Especially West Vancouver is a popular area with the highest pets density. They prefer to caring for their pets at home when they travel or business travel rather than bringing their pet to veterinary room. Follow the market research, having 9 out of 10 people who have pets agree and support that argument. (Ward, n. d) Ignoring pets advantages is there by disadvantages of having pets. First, people also can spread microbe from pets. If they are not keep them away from eating areas or hygiene is not good. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are some common diseases can be transmitted from pets: hookworm infections and roundworm infection. People can be contracted to a disease because pets feces are not handled carefully, through the skin if people regularly exposed or go barefoot on moist soil containing pets feces. When owners have disease, they cough, chest pain, indigestion, nausea, vomiting. In order to prevent, owners should not wash pet shelter or bowls in the sink, which uses to prepare the meals for family. People should remember to wash their hands before eating and after handing pets. Pets must be worming up periodically. (Salmonella Infection and Animals, 2012) In addition, owners should consider carefully before buying a pet, if a family has members who are baby or allergic to pets fur. Children do not have developed respiratory system, nervous system and immune system, which would easily get disease from pets. When dogs or cats are scratching or shaking feathers and their feather dust will fly out to the atmosphere. It will cling to the carpet, bed and household products. Furs can also float in the air, clinging to the place where people cannot expect. And when the child breathes will accidentally inhale them into the trachea, causing irritation and swelling of the airways. The problem that is under discussion in recent times is many people are willing to spend lots of money for pets hobby. In addition to these gentle animals and beautiful, people hunted species strange or rare animal as the giant centipede, milk snakes, killer spiders, dragon land. Special pets can be dangerous to human health: centipede bite, swollen hands nd feet; Tarantula spider can cause habitat disturbance around if leaked and people have to pay lots of money to property unusual pets. Besides, the costs of pets are imported from abroad, owners must create a suitable environment for them to adapt more easily. (Owens, 2011) Behaving violent with pets is also a serious issue. These animals are often subjected to cruel treatment and killing is pets, such as: dogs, cats, rabbits and the way they executed all kinds of barbarism to serve human needs. People should treatment with pets like family members, because they also have emotion and feeling like the human. Mukherjee, 2012) In recent days, people shared short video clip about 15 minutes on Facebook and Internet. In clip, it had 3 young girls, who are wicked. They trampled on puppy to kill it. This action is not the good qualities of human nature. Pets are close friends, especially young people. Therefore, the mistreatment and torture the dog to death in this clip made netizens condemned. It makes people think young people indifference to pain around them. This is a serious problem of society. Actions of 3 girls need to punish to have a lesson for them and who have been abused animals. In Vietnam, eating dog and cat meat is ecoming more popular. This action also supports the attitude of stealing dogs and cats. Eating dog and cat meat can be seen as evil and barbaric. It also indirectly encourage the thieves who steal dogs and cats as companions to your hand, the reason for them doing illegal things. (Skehan, 2013) The above-mentioned facts have given about the potential effect of having pets. Pets provide many benefits to owners both psychologically and spiritually. Owning a pet sometimes bring little annoying to owners. But above all, we cannot deny the benefits of having pets. Albeit generally beneficial such as it helps people improve their life, akes them happy and comfortable. Pets are believed to an important role in emotional support as well as support in the lives of even ordinary people, not Just those who have health problems or limitations in the social relationships. Having pet helps children develop social skills faster than their friends. It also helps the economic and industry development. Nevertheless, there are some problematic in itself for example: epidemic diseases from pets, social evils and cruel treatment pet by human. The individual should accordingly have further considerations on this phenomenon. The advantages and disadvantages of having the pets free essay sample With the development of society, people have more demanding. So that, most people discuss the importance of staying healthy and living longer by diet, work, and exercise. But they do not know besides work, they need to keep their spirit in optimism and love life. In the modern life, pets become popular with many households. Since, pets are loyal friends. They also support a lot of things for people life such as they help police in work, keep house for people. Hence, owning at least one pet in house will help human spirit stable and healthy, thereby extending the life. In fact, majority of families have pets like dogs, cats and birds. It means we will difficult to find a household where they do not have pet. As ‘Pets in society’ (n. d) stated: â€Å"Pets provide companionship, affection and protection. They can become playmates and partner, with unique bonds being formed between humans and the animals, which become essential parts of their life. We will write a custom essay sample on The advantages and disadvantages of having the pets or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Between them have certain relation, interact and support each other in their life. This essay will analyze the popularity of pets. Each household and each people have various pet’s hobby. In the pet world, there are many kinds of pets. They are divided into different categories such as: useful animals and pets in house. The useful animal helps their owners some jobs, for example: the dog prevents robbery for the house owners by barking at a stranger or the passers-by, People do not like the furniture gnawing of mice. The cats catch mice in house, it against the infestation of mice in houses. There are real stories about the bravery of dogs. Some kinds of pet always defend their owners. As Hansen said that, when Justin Becker was at the Staten Islands apartment, a thief tried to break into his apartment. He attempted to against by closing the door but the thief had a gun and maybe shot Becker. At that moment, his dog is Kilo, a 12-year-old pit bull. The dog came at the robber and was shot instead of their owner and make the burglar ran away. (Hansen, 2012) Moreover, kind of pets, which make people feel comfortable after long working hours are birds, rabbits, hamsters, fishes, dogs and cats. When people finished working, they can take care and play with pets. For log times, it would become a habit in order to relax after working. Besides, people should think really carefully and find information about lifestyle before decide to buy a pet. Because pets will associate and require owners to spend more time understanding and taking care them. With different kind of pet, people have different ways to take care them. However they should know specifically the best way to protect them from diseases. If people want their pets are always healthy, according to Care Sheets (n. d), owners have to pay attention about food, food preferences and diets of each pet. They should make hygiene pet and shelter follow timetable, which is suitable with them. If a pet that’s imported from abroad, owner need to have valid papers, because each country has different pets legal. On the other hands, pets are trusted friends as they give comfort and affection. They also bring many advantages and benefits to people. Pets can help therapeutic and prolong the lives of human being, especially elderly folk and people who live alone. Even young children satisfy well to animals rather than their human companions. Therefore between human and pets have a relationship and connection. Through taking care of pet, people can get lesson in responsibilities and patience. Above all things, the development of children is very important. It is an ongoing process. Besides the influence of parents about teaching children, emotional and cognitive developments are also necessary. Having the pet affect childrens development. It helps children learn at an early age the way to take care themself thank to taking care for their pet. (Haggerty, Gerace and Summers, 1989) Additionally, pets make children understand the feeling of people around, in other words how someone else feels? As Paul (1992) points out, when children have a pet, they will take care of their pets every day, they can know and understand the feelings and needs of pets such as when the pet feels hungry, children can know and pour food into the bowl for pets or when pets feel sad or angry, they will take a walk or play with pets in order to make them feel better. As a result, children can understand the feeling and demanding of people from an early age. Pets are really meaningful for children. Children often feel compassion with pets. Thus they also have more  sympathy with other people than children do not have pets. Besides that, having pets makes children confident in communication. (Poresky and Hendrix, 1990) Furthermore, the owner also receives health benefit from pets. Pets affect to physical health and mental health of people. It means pets help people to improve their health. People who have pets are more confident and difficult to suffer from depression than those without pets. Pets companionship also help people relieve loneliness, stay healthier and have lower blood pressure than people who do not have pets when they meet stressful situations. Moreover, playing with pets also help people relax and comfortable. As ‘Pet ownership and human health’ stated: â€Å"Pets may enhance social interactions with other people, thus providing an indirect effect on wellbeing. Social contact has been long recognized as beneficial in that it alleviates feelings of loneliness and social isolation. Pets undoubtedly act as â€Å"social catalysts,† leading to greater social contact between people. † (Nicholas and Collis, 2000) In addition, people also create exercise habit when they taking a dog for a walk. This activity will improve healthy not only for human, but also for pets. A dog is a faithful companion. When I studied at secondary school, my teacher has said a real story about the dogs loyalty in her family. On a day, her mother walked to the market, she saw a dog on the street and she thought it might be a wandering dog but it was really lovely. When she came back home, she surprised because she saw that dogs behind her and finally she decided feed it and it was called Aki. Everyday, she played and took care Aki; it lived with her as a friend or a child. But about 3 years, she was ill and died. In the funeral, Aki did not eat and drink, it only lied beside her coffin, Aki always followed her until the family completed the interment. After 2 months, Aki has died because it was so sad, bored and did not eat anymore. This is a real and simple story, but we can saw the loyalty of Aki, a dog loyal with the master. Especially, pets also distribute to the development of scientific when this industry are developing. Pets also keep the important role so that help the scientist in research. Scientist often uses pets to experiment. If pets do not exist, this industry is difficult to develop and find something else to replace. (‘Replacing animals’, n. d) The increase of pets business is a problem that needs to pay attention and rising. Many stores open to sale clothes, food, toy and house for pets, not only best quality but also beautiful and pretty. Besides, it also has many services to take care pets, open playground, where pets can meet and play together. When owners have work or travel for a long time, they cannot bring pet; they can give pets to veterinary room or pets house. At this place, pets will be kept and taken care. Another example of developing business of pets is taking care of pets. It increased rapidly in Canada in recent years. Especially West Vancouver is a popular area with the highest pets density. They prefer to caring for their pets at home when they travel or business travel rather than bringing their pet to veterinary room. Follow the market research, having 9 out of 10 people who have pets agree and support that argument. (Ward, n. d) Ignoring pets’ advantages is there by disadvantages of having pets. First, people also can spread microbe from pets. If they are not keep them away from eating areas or hygiene is not good. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are some common diseases can be transmitted from pets: hookworm infections and roundworm infection. People can be contracted to a disease because pet’s feces are not handled carefully, through the skin if people regularly exposed or go barefoot on moist soil containing pet’s feces. When owners have disease, they cough, chest pain, indigestion, nausea, vomiting. In order to prevent, owners should not wash pet shelter or bowls in the sink, which uses to prepare the meals for family. People should remember to wash their hands before eating and after handing pets. Pets must be worming up periodically. (Salmonella Infection and Animals, 2012) In addition, owners should consider carefully before buying a pet, if a family has members who are baby or allergic to pets fur. Children do not have developed respiratory system, nervous system and immune system, which would easily get disease from pets. When dogs or cats are scratching or shaking feathers and their feather dust will fly out to the atmosphere. It will cling to the carpet, bed and household products. Furs can also float in the air, clinging to the place where people cannot expect. And when the child breathes will accidentally inhale them into the trachea, causing irritation and swelling of the airways. The problem that is under discussion in recent times is many people are willing to spend lots of money for pet’s hobby. In addition to these gentle animals and beautiful, people hunted species strange or rare animal as the giant centipede, milk  snakes, killer spiders, dragon land. Special pets can be dangerous to human health: centipede bite, swollen hands and feet; Tarantula spider can cause habitat disturbance around if leaked and people have to pay lots of money to property unusual pets. Besides, the costs of taking care for them are very expensive such as food, toy and veterinary. With the pets are imported from abroad, owners must create a suitable environment for them to adapt more easily. (Owens, 2011) Behaving violent with pets is also a serious issue. These animals are often subjected to cruel treatment and killing is pets, such as: dogs, cats, rabbits and the way they executed all kinds of barbarism to serve human needs. People should treatment with pets like family members, because they also have emotion and feeling like the human. (Mukherjee, 2012) In recent days, people shared short video clip about 15 minutes on Facebook and Internet. In clip, it had 3 young girls, who are wicked. They trampled on puppy to kill it. This action is not the good qualities of human nature. Pets are close friends, especially young people. Therefore, the mistreatment and torture the dog to death in this clip made netizens condemned. It makes people think young people indifference to pain around them. This is a serious problem of society. Actions of 3 girls need to punish to have a lesson for them and who have been abused animals. In Vietnam, eating dog and cat meat is becoming more popular. This action also supports the attitude of stealing dogs and cats. Eating dog and cat meat can be seen as evil and barbaric. It also indirectly encourage the thieves who steal dogs and cats as companions to your hand, the reason for them doing illegal things. The above-mentioned facts have given about the potential effect of having pets. Pets provide many benefits to owners both psychologically and spiritually. Owning a pet sometimes bring little annoying to owners. But above all, we cannot deny the benefits of having pets. Albeit generally beneficial such as it helps people improve their life, makes them happy and comfortable. Pets are believed to an important role in emotional support as well as support in the lives of even ordinary people, not just those who have health problems or limitations in the social relationships. Having pet helps children develop social skills faster than their friends. It also helps the economic and industry development. Nevertheless, there are some problematic in itself for example: epidemic diseases from pets, social evils and cruel treatment pet by human. The individual should accordingly have further considerations on this phenomenon. Through this essay, people can get more knowledge about pets and understanding the relationship between humans and pets. Lets be humane treatment with animals!

Toy Analyst

Toy Analyst Vasquez PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1Zenaida VasquezProf. KortizkePsych 41 Sec. 1048September 17, 2014Lego ToyPlay is very important to a child's development because it is how they can see and explore their world. Through it, they can develop the skills that they need when they grow up. Also, with adequate play, the cardiovascular fitness is developed as well as the sense of morality (Goldstein, 2003).Lego is one of the most popular toys in the world. Some adults do not outgrow this toy mainly because it is very amusing that makes them collect the limited variants. Although the physical development of the child is minimal. Addressed by this toy it still has considerable contributions because their eyes, arms and hands are the main tools used in playing; their fine motor skills become developed. They also learn to stand up, climb and gain balance because they cannot be still when reaching for Lego pieces.baby while making his first stepsThe socio-emotional development of a child is also deve loped when they play Lego because the toy allows them to become socially active in a way that they start to communicate with other children. When they need assistance afterwards, when the figure they are trying to make is finished, they feel happy, and a sense of achievement becomes present. This in turn develops friendship because they may look forward playing with the same children because they felt happy doing the activity with them.The cognitive development of a child is the most addressed developmental stage by this toy. Playing blocks is beyond playing per se because the problem-solving and cause-effect relationship capacity of a child is observed to increase in this activity (Akgun, 2014). The reason is that, for a child to be able to build something from nothing entails utilization of common...

R.L. Stevensons Classic Essay An Apology for Idlers

R.L. Stevensons Classic Essay An Apology for Idlers Best known for his popular adventure stories (Treasure Island, Kidnapped, The Master of Ballantrae) and the study of evil in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Robert Louis Stevenson was also a noteworthy poet, short-story writer, and essayist. The Scots-born author spent much of his adult life traveling, searching for a healthful climate until he finally settled in Samoa in 1889. There he lived on his estate of Valima until his death at age 44. Stevenson was not yet a well-known writer in 1877 when he composed An Apology for Idlers (which, he said, was really a defense of R.L.S.), but his own days of idleness were about to come to an end. Just a year after he wrote in a letter to his mother, Hows that for busy? It does me good. It was well I wrote my Idlers when I did; for I am now the busiest gent in Christendom. After reading Stevensons essay, you may find it worthwhile to compare An Apology for Idlers with three other essays in our collection: In Praise of Idleness, by Bertrand Russell; Why Are Beggars Despised? by George Orwell; and On Laziness, by Christopher Morley. An Apology for Idlers By Robert Louis Stevenson BOSWELL: We grow weary when idle.JOHNSON: That is, sir, because others being busy, we want company; but if we were idle, there would be no growing weary; we should all entertain one another. 1 Just now, when every one is bound, under pain of a decree in absence convicting them of là ¨se-respectability, to enter on some lucrative profession, and labour therein with something not far short of enthusiasm, a cry from the opposite party, who are content when they have enough, and like to look on and enjoy in the meanwhile, savours a little of bravado and gasconade. And yet this should not be. Idleness so called, which does not consist in doing nothing, but in doing a great deal not recognized in the dogmatic formularies of the ruling class, has as good a right to state its position as industry itself. It is admitted that the presence of people who refuse to enter in the great handicap race for sixpenny pieces, is at once an insult and a disenchantment for those who do. A fine fellow (as we see so many) takes his determination, votes for sixpences, and in the emphatic Americanism, it goes for them. And while such an one is plowing distressfully up the road, it is not hard to understand his resentment, when he perceives cool persons in the meadows by the wayside, lying with a handkerchief over their ears and a glass at their elbow. Alexander is touched in a very delicate place by the disregard to Diogenes. Where was the glory of having taken Rome for these tumultuous barbarians, who poured into the Senate-house, and found the Fathers sitting silent and unmoved by their success? It is a sore thing to have labored along and scaled the arduous hilltops, and when all is done, find humanity indifferent to your achievement. Hence physicists condemn the unphysical; financiers have only a superficial toleration for those who know little of stocks; literary persons despise the unlettered, and people of all pursuits combine to disparage those who have none. 2 But though this is one difficulty of the subject, it is not the greatest. You could not be put in prison for speaking against industry, but you can be sent to Coventry for speaking like a fool. The greatest difficulty with most subjects is to do them well; therefore, please to remember this is an apology. It is certain that much may be judiciously argued in favor of diligence; only there is something to be said against it, and that is what, on the present occasion, I have to say. To state one argument is not necessarily to be deaf to all others, and that a man has written a book of travels in Montenegro, is no reason why he should never have been to Richmond. 3 It is surely beyond a doubt that people should be a good deal idle in youth. For though here and there a Lord Macaulay may escape from school honors with all his wits about him, most boys pay so dear for their medals that they never afterwards have a shot in their locker, and begin the world bankrupt. And the same holds true during all the time a lad is educating himself or suffering others to educate him. It must have been a very foolish old gentleman who addressed Johnson at Oxford in these words: Young man, ply your book diligently now, and acquire a stock of knowledge; for when years come upon you, you will find that poring upon books will be but an irksome task. The old gentleman seems to have been unaware that many other things besides reading grow irksome, and not a few become impossible, by the time a man has to use spectacles and cannot walk without a stick. Books are good enough in their own way, but they are a mighty bloodless substitute for life. It seems a pity to sit, like the Lady of Shalott, peering into a mirror, with your back turned on all the bustle and glamor of reality. And if a man reads very hard, as the old anecdote reminds us, he will have little time for thought. 4 If you look back on your own education, I am sure it will not be the full, vivid, instructive hours of truancy that you regret; you would rather cancel some lacklustre periods between sleep and waking in the class. For my own part, I have attended a good many lectures in my time. I still remember that the spinning of a top is a case of Kinetic Stability. I still remember that Emphyteusis is not a disease, nor Stillicide a crime. But though I would not willingly part with such scraps of science, I do not set the same store by them as by certain other odds and ends that I came by in the open street while I was playing truant. 5 This is not the moment to dilate on that mighty place of education, which was the favorite school of Dickens and of Balzac, and turns out yearly many inglorious masters in the Science of the Aspects of Life. Suffice it to say this: if a lad does not learn in the streets, it is because he has no faculty of learning. Nor is the truant always in the streets, for if he prefers, he may go out by the gardened suburbs into the country. He may pitch on some tuft of lilacs over a burn, and smoke innumerable pipes to the tune of the water on the stones. A bird will sing in the thicket. And there he may fall into a vein of kindly thought, and see things in a new perspective. Why, if this be not education, what is? We may conceive Mr. Worldly Wiseman accosting such an one, and the conversation that should thereupon ensue:How now, young fellow, what dost thou here?Truly, sir, I take mine ease.Is not this the hour of the class? and shouldst thou not be plying thy Book with diligence, to the end thou mayest obtain knowledge?Nay, but thus also I follow after Learning, by your leave.Learning, quotha! After what fashion, I pray thee? Is it mathematics?No, to be sure.Is it metaphysics?Nor that.Is it some language?Nay, it is no language.Is it a trade?Nor a trade neither.Why, then, what ist?Indeed, sir, as a time may soon come for me to go upon Pilgrimage, I am desirous to note what is commonly done by persons in my case, and where are the ugliest Sloughs and Thickets on the Road; as also, what manner of Staff is of the best service. Moreover, I lie here, by this water, to learn by root-of-heart a lesson which my master teaches me to call Peace, or Contentment. 6 Hereupon Mr. Worldly Wiseman was much commoved with passion, and shaking his cane with a very threatful countenance, broke forth upon this wise: Learning, quotha! said he; I would have all such rogues scourged by the Hangman! 7 And so he would go his way, ruffling out his cravat with a crackle of starch, like a turkey when it spread its feathers. 8 Now this, of Mr. Wisemans, is the common opinion. A fact is not called a fact, but a piece of gossip, if it does not fall into one of your scholastic categories. An inquiry must be in some acknowledged direction, with a name to go by; or else you are not inquiring at all, only lounging; and the work-house is too good for you. It is supposed that all knowledge is at the bottom of a well, or the far end of a telescope. Sainte-Beuve, as he grew older, came to regard all experience as a single great book, in which to study for a few years ere we go hence; and it seemed all one to him whether you should read in Chapter xx., which is the differential calculus, or in Chapter xxxix., which is hearing the band play in the gardens. As a matter of fact, an intelligent person, looking out of his eyes and hearkening in his ears, with a smile on his face all the time, will get more true education than many another in a life of heroic vigils. There is certainly some chill and arid knowledge to be found upon the summits of formal and laborious science; but it is all round about you, and for the trouble of looking, that you will acquire the warm and palpitating facts of life. While others are filling their memory with a lumber of words, one-half of which they will forget before the week be out, your truant may learn some really useful art: to play the fiddle, to know a good cigar, or to speak with ease and opportunity to all varieties of men. Many who have plied their book diligently, and know all about some one branch or another of accepted lore, come out of the study with an ancient and owl-like demeanour, and prove dry, stockish, and dyspeptic in all the better and brighter parts of life. Many make a large fortune, who remain underbred and pathetically stupid to the last. And meantime there goes the idler, who began life along with themby your leave, a different picture. He has had time to take care of his health and his spirits; he has been a great deal in the open air, which is the most salutary of all things for both body and mind; and if he has never read the great Book in very recondite places, he has dipped into it and skimmed it over to excelle nt purpose. Might not the student afford some Hebrew roots, and the business man some of his half-crowns, for a share of the idlers knowledge of life at large, and Art of Living? Nay, and the idler has another and more important quality than these. I mean his wisdom. He who has much looked on at the childish satisfaction of other people in their hobbies, will regard his own with only a very ironical indulgence. He will not be heard among the dogmatists. He will have a great and cool allowance for all sorts of people and opinions. If he finds no out-of-the-way truths, he will identify himself with no very burning falsehood. His way takes him along a by-road, not much frequented, but very even and pleasant, which is called Commonplace Lane, and leads to the Belvedere of Common-sense. Thence he shall command an agreeable, if not very noble prospect; and while others behold the East and West, the Devil and the Sunrise, he will be contentedly aware of a sort of morning hour upon all sublunary things , with an army of shadows running speedily and in many different directions into the great daylight of Eternity. The shadows and the generations, the shrill doctors and the plangent wars, go by into ultimate silence and emptiness; but underneath all this, a man may see, out of the Belvedere windows, much green and peaceful landscape; many firelit parlours; good people laughing, drinking, and making love as they did before the Flood or the French Revolution; and the old shepherd telling his tale under the hawthorn. 9 Extreme  busyness, whether at school or college, kirk or market, is a symptom of deficient vitality; and a faculty for idleness implies a catholic appetite and a strong sense of personal identity. There is a sort of dead-alive, hackneyed people about, who are scarcely conscious of living except in the exercise of some conventional occupation. Bring these fellows into the country, or set them aboard ship, and you will see how they pine for their desk or their study. They have no curiosity; they cannot give themselves over to random provocations; they do not take pleasure in the exercise of their faculties for its own sake; and unless Necessity lays about them with a stick, they will even stand still. It is no good speaking to such folk: they  cannot  be idle, their nature is not generous enough; and they pass those hours in a sort of coma, which are not dedicated to furious moiling in the gold-mill. When they do not require to go to the office, when they are not hungry and hav e no mind to drink, the whole breathing world is a blank to them. If they have to wait an hour or so for a train, they fall into a stupid trance with their eyes open. To see them, you would suppose there was nothing to look at and no one to speak with; you would imagine they were paralysed or alienated: and yet very possibly they are hard workers in their own way, and have good eyesight for a flaw in a deed or a turn of the market. They have been to school and college, but all the time they had their eye on the medal; they have gone about in the world and mixed with clever people, but all the time they were thinking of their own affairs. As if a mans soul were not too small to begin with, they have dwarfed and narrowed theirs by a life of all work and no play; until here they are at forty, with a listless attention, a mind vacant of all material of amusement, and not one thought to rub against another, while they wait for the train. Before he was breeched, he might have clambered on the boxes; when he was twenty, he would have stared at the girls; but now the pipe is smoked out, the snuff-box empty, and my gentleman sits bolt upright upon a bench, with lamentable eyes. This does not appeal to me as being Success in Life. 10 But it is not only the person himself who suffers from his busy habits, but his wife and children, his friends and relations, and down to the very people he sits with in a railway carriage or an omnibus. Perpetual devotion to what a man calls his business, is only to be sustained by perpetual neglect of many other things. And it is not by any means certain that a mans business is the most important thing he has to do. To an impartial estimate it will seem clear that many of the wisest, most virtuous, and most beneficent parts that are to be played upon the Theatre of Life are filled by gratuitous performers, and pass, among the world at large, as phases of idleness. For in that Theatre, not only the walking gentlemen, singing chambermaids, and diligent fiddlers in the orchestra, but those who look on and clap their hands from the benches, do really play a part and fulfill important offices towards the general result. 11 You are no doubt very dependent on the care of your lawyer and stockbroker, of the guards and signalmen who convey you rapidly from place to place, and the policemen who walk the streets for your protection; but is there not a thought of gratitude in your heart for certain other benefactors who set you smiling when they fall in your way, or season your dinner with good company? Colonel Newcome helped to lose his friends money; Fred Bayham had an ugly trick of borrowing shirts; and yet they were better people to fall among than Mr. Barnes. And though Falstaff was neither sober nor very honest, I think I could name one or two long-faced Barabbases whom the world could better have done without. Hazlitt mentions that he was more sensible of obligation to Northcote, who had never done him anything he could call a service, than to his whole circle of ostentatious friends; for he thought a good companion emphatically the greatest benefactor. I know there are people in the world who canno t feel grateful unless the favour has been done them at the cost of pain and difficulty. But this is a churlish disposition. A man may send you six sheets of letter-paper covered with the most entertaining gossip, or you may pass half an hour pleasantly, perhaps profitably, over an article of his; do you think the service would be greater, if he had made the manuscript in his hearts blood, like a compact with the devil? Do you really fancy you should be more beholden to your correspondent, if he had been damning you all the while for your importunity? Pleasures are more beneficial than duties because, like the quality of mercy, they are not strained, and they are twice blest. There must always be two to a kiss, and there may be a score in a jest; but wherever there is an element of sacrifice, the favour is conferred with pain, and, among generous people, received with confusion. 12 There is no duty we so much underrate as the duty of being happy. By being happy, we sow anonymous benefits upon the world, which remain unknown even to ourselves, or when they are disclosed, surprise nobody so much as the benefactor. The other day, a ragged, barefoot boy ran  down the street after a marble, with so jolly an air that he set every one he passed into a good humour; one of these persons, who had been delivered from more than usually black thoughts, stopped the little fellow and gave him some money with this remark: You see what sometimes comes of looking pleased. If he had looked pleased before, he had now to look both pleased and mystified. For my part, I justify this encouragement of smiling rather than tearful children; I do not wish to pay for tears anywhere but upon the stage; but I am prepared to deal largely in the opposite commodity. A happy man or woman is a better thing to find than a five-pound note. He or she is a radiating focus of goodwill; and their entrance into a room is as though another candle had been lighted. We need not care whether they could prove the forty-seventh proposition; they do a better thing than that, they practically demonstrate the great Theorem of the Liveableness of Life. Consequently, if a person cannot be happy without remaining idle, idle he should remain. It is a revolutionary precept; but thanks to hunger and the workhouse, one not easily to be abused; and within practical limits, it is one of the most incontestable truths in the whole Body of Morality. Look at one of your industrious fellows for a moment, I beseech you. He sows hurry and reaps indigestion; he puts a vast deal of activity out to interest, and receives a large measure of nervous derangement in return. Either he absents himself entirely from all fellowship, and lives a recluse in a garret, with carpet slippers and a leaden inkpot; or he comes among people swiftly and bitterly, in a contraction of his whole nervous system, to discharge some temper before he returns to work. I do not care how much or ho w well he works, this fellow is an evil feature in other peoples lives. They would be happier if he were dead. They could easier do without his services in the Circumlocution Office, than they can tolerate his fractious spirits. He poisons life at the well-head. It is better to be beggared out of hand by a scapegrace nephew, than daily hag-ridden by a peevish uncle. 13 And what, in Gods name, is all this pother about? For what cause do they embitter their own and other peoples lives? That a man should publish three or thirty articles a year, that he should finish or not finish his great allegorical picture, are questions of little interest to the world. The ranks of life are full; and although a thousand fall, there are always some to go into the breach. When they told Joan of Arc she should be at home minding womens work, she answered there were plenty to spin and wash. And so, even with your own rare gifts! When nature is so careless of the single life, why should we coddle ourselves into the fancy that our own is of exceptional importance? Suppose Shakespeare had been knocked on the head some dark night in Sir Thomas Lucys preserves, the world would have wagged on better or worse, the pitcher gone to the well, the scythe to the corn, and the student to his book; and no one been any the wiser of the loss. There are not many works extant, if yo u look the alternative all over, which are worth the price of a pound of tobacco to a man of limited means. This is a sobering reflection for the proudest of our earthly vanities. Even a tobacconist may, upon consideration, find no great cause for personal vainglory in the phrase; for although tobacco is an admirable sedative, the qualities necessary for retailing it are neither rare nor precious in themselves. Alas and alas! you may take it how you will, but the services of no single individual are indispensable. Atlas was just a gentleman with a protracted nightmare! And yet you see merchants who go and labour themselves into a great fortune and thence into the bankruptcy court; scribblers who keep scribbling at little articles until their temper is a cross to all who come about them, as though Pharaoh should set the Israelites to make a pin instead of a pyramid; and fine young men who work themselves into a decline, and are driven off in a hearse with white plumes upon it. Would you not suppose these persons had been whispered, by the Master of the Ceremonies, the promise of some momen tous destiny? and that this lukewarm bullet on which they play their farces was the bulls eye and centre-point of all the universe? And yet it is not so. The ends for which they give away their priceless youth, for all they know, may be chimerical or hurtful; the glory and riches they expect may never come, or may find them indifferent; and they and the world they inhabit are so inconsiderable that the mind freezes at the thought. * An Apology for Idlers, by Robert Louis Stevenson, first appeared in the July 1877 issue of the  Cornhill Magazine  and was later published in Stevensons essay collection  Virginibus Puerisque, and Other Papers   (1881).

Quality of High School Education in United States Essay

Quality of High School Education in United States - Essay Example The integration of technology has brought great improvisation in the quality of high school education. The ultimate gain of the above mentioned point has actually spread a sense of security in the students. They are now more confident of taking up the challenges of the real world that requires instant decision making and regular introspection. The learning in the classroom is now generating a new relationship between the teacher and the student. The teachers are now developing various new methods for assessment as well as teaching process. The schools are also entrusting its teachers to stress on critical thinking. Even though students are learning facts and basic skills, they are now stressing with adequate emphasis on advanced reasoning skills (von Glasersfeld, 87-95). The newer technology generally in the form of computer & internet has provided a different addition to the concept that encompasses meaningful learning of education. One of the first and most vocal proponents of the use of technology to promote this type of meaningful learning was Seymour Papert who believed that computers could provide a powerful tool for learning. He also noted that schools have frequently ignored the broad capacities of computers for instructional support, isolating them from the learning process rather than integrating them into all areas of the curriculum. Using the techniques of the constructivism effectively, the teacher can teach or educate their students in restored modality. Teachers are beginning to use technology as a tool to promote students' ability to reason and solve authentic problems. Also, teachers have now been using technology and also integrating them into formal education system with intention to transform classrooms into technology intensive knowledge centers providing purposeful learning with experimental leaning that would intuitively create an environment of authentic action rather than awareness and simple information. The effective use of technology now integrates higher cognitive skill development and thinking skills such as problem solving, reasoning, decision making, and scientific inquiry. When teachers are thorough and totally integrate technology into class room a very different environment comes into existence. A constructivist learning environment is a place in which learners work together and support each other as they use a variety of tools and information resources in their guided pursuit of learning goals and problem-solving activities. Constructivist learning environments frequently encompass many different applications of media and technology. Classrooms under this environment are active with the combine of the tools of constructivism with communication and visualization tools that enable communication and collaboration among learners in a socio cultural context. Increased student achievement can result because of the synergy created through dynamic interactions (Sandholtz, Ringstaff, & Dwyer). Reference: Papert, S. Mindstorms: Children, computers and powerful ideas. New York: Harper Collins, 1980 Papert, S. The children's machine: Rethinking school in the age of the computer. New York: Basic Books, 1994 Sandholtz, J., Ringstaff, C., & Dwyer, D.

Orlando Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Orlando - Essay Example he novel, by choosing not to grow old during the three centuries time span of the storyline and most importantly changing gender from male to female, is depicted in such a manner as to provoke the reader’s thought by sincerely analyzing all aspects of the two sexes’ behavioral attributes. Although Woolf’s work of Orlando is a passionate depiction based on the life of her friend and lover Vita Sackville-West as it was originally intended to be, the novel gives us a far more illustrative view of the world concerning gender specifics, sexuality and human nature as it had been during the second half of the previous millennium. According to Wikipedia, the novel can be read as a ‘roman à   clef’ which is a work of literature describing real life, behind a faà §ade of fiction and where the main character is usually a famous personality, or in some cases, the author. Woolf has used immense material from the writings of Vita as a basis for her own novel. Even though the main character here is based on the life of Vita, using the overtones of fiction and the liberties made available through fantasy, Woolf was able to construct a well documented biography of Vita, without subjecting herself to criticism or controversy. Themes such as homosexuality have bee n subtly brought into the picture by fictionalizing the real life character as a male who transforms into a female later on. This show the ingeniousness of Virginia Woolf, as most other works of English fiction directly approaching the subject of homosexuality had been banned during her years. Therefore even though she has titled her work as a biography, the novel has been classified as fiction, and this shows how Woolf had intended to cross the boundaries set between fiction and non-fiction with Orlando, â€Å"so the novel is not only about trans-gender, but also trans-genre, so to speak.† (Wikipedia) The book offers us considerable insight into the study and comparison between the male and female mind, as Woolf

Othello †Paper Assignment Essay Example for Free

Othello – Paper Assignment Essay A desire for revenge can overcome a person and have great detrimental effects. This is especially true in the play Othello by William Shakespeare. The play takes place in a time of war between Italy and Turkey. The play begins in Venice, Italy but then shifts to the island of Cyprus for the remainder of the play. In the play, the main antagonist Iago was not chosen for a position of lieutenancy by his general, Othello. Othello had chosen a man named Cassio over Iago. Iago, being very envious of Othello and Cassio, plots a plan for revenge. Early on in the play, we find that Othello has complications in his marriage to Desdemona. Othello and Desdemona are seen as opposites in which Desdemona is an innocent, sweet, high class white woman, while Othello is a tough, ugly, and black war general. Iago, using this knowledge, begins to plot his revenge. Iago says, â€Å"I hate the Moor, and it is thought abroad that ‘twixt my sheets ‘has done my office. I know not if’t be true, but I, for mere suspicion in that kind, will do as if for surety† (Act 1, iii, 429-433). Iago, in this quote, suggests that a rumor about Othello sleeping with his wife may not be true, but he will pretend it is in order to better his plot for revenge. Iago’s first step in the plan was to endanger Othello’s relationship by telling Brabantio, Desdemona’s father, about their marriage. Othello claims he will not hide because he has nothing to be afraid of and ask Iago if he agrees. Iago says, â€Å"By Janus, I think no† (Act 1, ii, 38). Iago alludes to the Greek god Janus that supposedly had two faces. This is an example of dramatic-irony because the audience knows that Iago himself is two-faced since he pretends to be nice but in actuality is trying to get revenge; Othello is also unaware of Iago’s other motives. Iago, in his plot for revenge, often uses psychological means to manipulate people. When Brabantio is talking to Othello, he says â€Å"She has deceived her father, and may thee† (Act 1, iii, 333-334). Brabantio believed that since Desdemona was not loyal to her father, she may also deceive Othello. This is an example of foreshadowing because Othello will be lead on to believe that Desdemona is not loyal to him. Iago, later in the play, alludes to Brabantio’s warning and says, â€Å"She did deceive her father, marrying you, and when she seemed to shake and fear your looks, she loved them most† (Act 3, iii, 237-240). Iago, being very diabolical, enhances Othello’s doubts about his marriage. This doubt in Othello’s mind comes into play later in Iago’s plans for revenge. Iago shows that he will use any means to get his revenge, whether it be lying or manipulating any insecurities in others. Near the end of the play, Iago’s plan has progressed as he had planned: Othello does not trust Desdemona or Cassio, Iago had gotten Cassio fired, and Othello still has complete trust in Iago. Othello had given Desdemona a handkerchief when they had gotten married which symbolized everything holding their relationship together. Iago gets a hold of the handkerchief and plants it on Cassio. This becomes proof for Othello that Desdemona is cheating on Othello with Cassio. Othello becomes so angry he kills Desdemona. Emilia, Iago’s wife, walks in after Othello strangles Desdemona and in shock tries to explain what Iago has done to him. Iago comes in and tries to stop Emilia; he then stabs her because she wouldn’t stop. Iago’s plan had been revealed and Othello is traumatized. Othello exclaims â€Å"But why should honor outlive honesty† (Act 5, ii, 293)? Othello, trying to comprehend what he has done, questions how the reputation of being honorable could outlast honor itself. Iago, so bent on getting revenge for the sake of his reputation, had killed his very own wife. At the beginning of the play, Iago had said that he heard a rumor about Othello sleeping with his wife. He didn’t know if it was true but said he would pretend it was in order to fuel his desire and plot for revenge. Throughout the play, Iago had used any means to complete his goal. For example, Iago used psychological means to manipulate Othello into doubting his relationship with Desdemona. Iago then lied to Othello and tricked him into believing that Desdemona was having an affair with Cassio. If Emilia had not told Othello, he may not have known about Iago’s plan at all. Iago kills Emilia for telling Othello, which is ironic because Iago used the rumor about Othello and his wife to fuel his revenge. Iago’s desire for revenge became so great that when Emilia ruined his plan, he killed her. Instead of killing Iago, Othello says, â€Å"I’d have thee live, for in my sense ‘tis happiness to die† (Act 5, ii, 340-341). Iago will be kept alive and most likely tortured because killing him would be a punishment not worthy of Iago’s actions. Iago’s desire for revenge ultimately overcame him and caused many detrimental effects in his life as well as many others. In conclusion, one should never seek revenge.

Reviving Psychophysical Supervenience Essay -- Argumentative Persuasiv

Reviving Psychophysical Supervenience ABSTRACT: Many philosophers have lost their enthusiasm for the concept of supervenience in the philosophy of mind. This is largely due to the fact that, as Jaegwon Kim has shown, familiar versions of supervenience describe relations of mere property covariation without capturing the idea of dependence. Since the dependence of the mental on the physical is a necessary requirement for even the weakest version of physicalism, it would seem that existing forms of supervenience cannot achieve that for which they were designed. My aim is to revive the concept of supervenience. I argue that if we construe supervenience along Davidsonian lines — as a relation connecting predicates rather than properties — then it avoids the shortcomings of the more familiar varieties. When it first appeared on the scene in the philosophy of mind, the concept of supervenience was warmly embraced. Supervenience was thought to capture the idea of dependence without reduction and thus promised to provide a useful framework for discussions of mental causation, phenomenal experience, and, more generally, the relation between the mental and the physical. Since then a great deal has changed. Much careful work has been done to show that philosophical applications of supervenience do not, in fact, achieve what they were thought to. For example, Jaegwon Kim, whose name is closely associated with the concept, has shown convincingly that the standard formulations of supervenience in the philosophy of mind (weak, strong, and global) do not capture the idea of psychophysical dependence. (1) Many philosophers believed that supervenience could express a form of physicalism, but since the concept of dependence is a minimal req... ...dson, ‘Thinking Causes’, in Mental Causation, ed. John Heil and Alfred Mele (Oxford, Clarendon Press: 1993) p. 13. (4) Donald Davidson, "Mental Events," in Davidson, Essays on Actions and Events (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980) p. 214 (emphasis added). (5) Davidson, "Radical Interpretation," in Davidson, Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984) p. 137. (6) Donald Davidson, ‘Mental Events’, op. cit., p. 214. (7) For example, see Simon Evnine, Donald Davidson (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991) pp. 69-70. (8) Davidson, "Mental Events," op. cit., p. 214. (9) For example see, Terence Horgan, "From Supervenience to Superdupervenience: Meeting the Demands of a Material World," Mind 102 (1993) pp. 554-586; Thomas Grimes, "Supervenience, Determination, and Dependency," Philosophical Studies 62 (1991) pp. 81-92. Reviving Psychophysical Supervenience Essay -- Argumentative Persuasiv Reviving Psychophysical Supervenience ABSTRACT: Many philosophers have lost their enthusiasm for the concept of supervenience in the philosophy of mind. This is largely due to the fact that, as Jaegwon Kim has shown, familiar versions of supervenience describe relations of mere property covariation without capturing the idea of dependence. Since the dependence of the mental on the physical is a necessary requirement for even the weakest version of physicalism, it would seem that existing forms of supervenience cannot achieve that for which they were designed. My aim is to revive the concept of supervenience. I argue that if we construe supervenience along Davidsonian lines — as a relation connecting predicates rather than properties — then it avoids the shortcomings of the more familiar varieties. When it first appeared on the scene in the philosophy of mind, the concept of supervenience was warmly embraced. Supervenience was thought to capture the idea of dependence without reduction and thus promised to provide a useful framework for discussions of mental causation, phenomenal experience, and, more generally, the relation between the mental and the physical. Since then a great deal has changed. Much careful work has been done to show that philosophical applications of supervenience do not, in fact, achieve what they were thought to. For example, Jaegwon Kim, whose name is closely associated with the concept, has shown convincingly that the standard formulations of supervenience in the philosophy of mind (weak, strong, and global) do not capture the idea of psychophysical dependence. (1) Many philosophers believed that supervenience could express a form of physicalism, but since the concept of dependence is a minimal req... ...dson, ‘Thinking Causes’, in Mental Causation, ed. John Heil and Alfred Mele (Oxford, Clarendon Press: 1993) p. 13. (4) Donald Davidson, "Mental Events," in Davidson, Essays on Actions and Events (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980) p. 214 (emphasis added). (5) Davidson, "Radical Interpretation," in Davidson, Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984) p. 137. (6) Donald Davidson, ‘Mental Events’, op. cit., p. 214. (7) For example, see Simon Evnine, Donald Davidson (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991) pp. 69-70. (8) Davidson, "Mental Events," op. cit., p. 214. (9) For example see, Terence Horgan, "From Supervenience to Superdupervenience: Meeting the Demands of a Material World," Mind 102 (1993) pp. 554-586; Thomas Grimes, "Supervenience, Determination, and Dependency," Philosophical Studies 62 (1991) pp. 81-92.

Effects of Recession Times in Entertainment Production Essay

It is unlikely that the entertainment industry can escape the effects of the present global economic situation. Different areas of the media entertainment experience effect of recession in different gravity . Some areas of the business stay strong but according to statistic study, the film production has sent 75% to 80% of the production crews into unemployment in Los Angeles alone. (Gumbel, 2009) This economic effect in the biggest entertainment production in the United States caused many media entertainment companies to be hesitant in spending more for their productions. With the wide range of the entertainment business, there are areas of the industry that show weaknesses on the present economic recession. According to Alan Gould, advertising is in a difficult situation because of the adjustment it has to undergo. This transition requires applying traditional advertising media to allow the allocation of money until the economy will be in a better situation. (Ibarra, 2008) On the other hand, unanimous agreement on wise decision and reinvention of entertainment production is a way for this business to succeed. On the other hand, many people involved in the entertainment industries still hope that the entertainment will survive the economic turmoil. It has also been viewed that practical measures must be taken so the business will be spared from the major economic downfall due to the recession. According to Matt Cherniss (2009), â€Å"In past seasons, it was very easy to get caught up in the mania of pilot season. Now, in this environment, you have to be very discerning with not just who you cast or where you decide to shoot but which pilots you make, too. † (Michael Schneider, 2009) Moreover, the technological development provides an advantage for the production of video, music, and television entertainment. Since this industry is based on the vast public patronage, the entertainment industry is still persisted by many to survive. Ms. Thomas, like the other panelists, remains optimistic about TV and filmed content, believing the industry will â€Å"flourish† even after some setbacks. â€Å"The human condition embraces being entertained,† she said. (Ibarra, 2008) CONCLUSION With the on set of the economic recession, most people consider saving than spending money. This provides an obstacle for the industry of entertainment to allocate and gain money on their productions. However, creativity of the media production is an advantage to bring the decreasing income of the entertainment business into a huge money-making business again. The recession is a wake-up call for those in the entertainment production business. Generally, the media production will survive recession. REFERENCES: Ibarra, Sergio. (November 20, 2008). Media Still Recession Resistant, Panel Says. TV Week. Retrieved May 3, 2009, from Gumbel, Andrew. (April 27, 2009). Hollywood feels the pinch: Film production at standstill. Guardian News and Media Limited. Retrieved May 4, 2009, from Schneider, Michael. (February 23, 2009). Economy pinches TV pilots. Variety. Retrieved May 4, 2009, from

Fiedler’s Contingency Theory Essay

The contingency Theory shows the relationship between the leader’s orientation or style and group performance under differing situational conditions. The theory is based on determining the orientation of a leader ( relationship or task ), the elements of the situation ( leader-member relations, task structure and leader position power), and the leader orientation that was found to be most effective as the situation changed from low to moderate to high control. Fred Edward Fiedler in his landmark 1964 article, â€Å" A contingency of Leadership Effectiveness. studied and emphasized the importance of both the leader’s personality and the situation in which that leader operates. Fiedler found that task oriented leaders were more effective in low and moderate control situations and relationship oriented managers were more effective in moderate control situations. Fiedler and his associates studied leaders in a variety of contexts but mostly in military context and their mo del is based on their research findings. They outlined two styles of leadership namely task-motivated and relationship-motivated. Task refers to task accomplishment, and relationship-motivation refers to interpersonal relationships. He measured leadership style leadership style with the Least Preferred Co-Worker scale (LPC scale ). According to Northouse ( 2007 ), the leaders scoring high on this scale are relationship motivated and those scoring low are task motivated. Northhouse further indicated that, central to contingency theory is the concept of the situation, which is characterized by three factors. One, leader-member relations which deals with the general atmosphere of the group and the feelings such as trust, loyalty and confidence that the group has for its leader. Two, task structure, which is related to task clarity and the means to task accomplishment. Three, the position power, which relates to the amount of reward-punishment authority the leader has over members of the group. These three factors determine the favorableness of various situations in the organization. Definitions of factors in Contingency Theory Situational elements One, is the leader-member relations. The regard with which the leader and the group members hold one another determines in part, the ability of the leader to influence the group and the conditions under which he or she can do so. It therefore follows that a leader who is accepted by the group members is in a more favorable situation than one who is not. Two, is the task structure which is determined by the following questions in mind; can a decision be demonstrated as correct? , are the the requirements of the task of the task understood by everyone? , is there more than one correct solution?. If the group’s task is not structured, and if the leader is no more knowledgeable than the group about how to accomplish the task, the situation definitely becomes unfavorable. The third factor is the leader position power. This is determined by the rewards and punishments which the leader officially has at his or her disposal for either rewarding or punishing the group members based on how they perform. The more power the leader has, the more favorable the situation. Leader Orientation Fiedler used the Least Preferred Co-worker scale commonly known as LPC scale to measure leadership style. LPC helps management identify the human relations orientation and task orientation of possible leaders. He analyses leader orientation as follows. One of the factors is relationship orientation in which he said that high LPC leaders are more concerned with personal relations, more sensitive to the feelings of others, and better of heading off conflict. Such leaders use their good relations with others to get a job done. This also enables them to deal with complex issues when making decisions. These leaders tend to have an LPC score of 73 and above. In high control situations, these leaders tend to become bored and are no longer challenged. They tend to seek approval from their superiors ignoring their subordinates or they may decide to reorganize he task. They often become inconsiderate toward their subordinates as a result, become more punishing and more concerned with performance of the task. In moderate control situations, they focus on group relations. They reduce the anxiety and tension of group members and thus reduce conflict. They handle creative decision making groups well. They see this situation as challenging and interesting and perform it well in it. Lastly, in low control situations, they always try to obtain group support often at the expense of the task. In fact under extremely stressful situations, they may also withdraw from leadership role, failing to direct the group’s work. The second factor is task oriented. According to Fiedler, the LPC score for leaders here is 64 and below. Low LPC leaders are more concerned with the task, and less dependent on group support. They tend to be eager and impatient to get on with work. They quickly organize the job and have a no-nonsense attitude about getting the work done. In moderate control situations, they are anxious and less effective. They become absorbed in the task and pay little attention to personal relations in the group. They tend to be insensitive to the feelings of their group members, and the group resents the lack of concern. However, in high control situations, these leaders are relaxed and develop pleasant relations with subordinates and they are easy to get along with. As work gets done, they do not interfere with the group or expect interference from their superiors. And lastly in low control situations, the leaders devote themselves to their challenging task. They organize and drive the group to task completion. They also tend to control the group tightly and maintain strict discipline. Fiedler and associates concluded that if a leader’s LPC scores fall between 65 and 72, then the leader must carefully analyze their leadership style as they learn more about the relationship oriented and task oriented styles. However, it is important to note that there is no single leadership style that is effective in all situations. Rather, certain leadership styles are better suited for some situations than for others. Fiedler further pointed out that the effectiveness of the leader is contingent upon the orientation of the leader and the favorableness of the situation.

The eNotes Blog Sing It, Shakes! Shakespeare in PopMusic

Sing It, Shakes! Shakespeare in PopMusic In the Merchant of Venice, the Prince of Morocco warns, All that glisters is not gold. This sage advice has been repeated in some unlikely sources, from Led Zepplins Stairway to Heaven to Marilyn Mansons Posthuman. Here are some other instances of modern musicians who pay lyrical homage to Shakespeare: Line from Highway 61 Revisited, referencing Twelfth Night: The fifth daughter on the twelfth night told the first father that things werent right. Line from Get Over It on the Eagles album Hell Freezes Over referencing Dick the Butcher from Henry V: Old Billy was right, / Lets kill all the lawyers-kill em tonight. Dire Straits Romeo and Juliet from Solid Rock. No mystery here. The whole song re-tells it in a way any hip 80s teen can understand! Juliet says, hey, its Romeo you nearly gimme a heart attack / Hes underneath the window shes singin hey la my boyfriends back. Mel Brooks To Be Or Not To Be from  The Hitler Rap.   Even if Shakespeare had entertained the idea of other artists re-purposing his work, it is unlikely he had anything like Mel Brooks and his borrowing from  Hamlet  in mind: Say Heil Heil seigety style we gonna whip it to the people Teutonic style To be or not to be Baby, cant you see? Before There Was Rosalyns song, The Warrior, contains an allusion to Julius Caesar:  Cowards die many times. My Chemical Romances song The Sharpest Lives contains (yet another) reference to  Romeo and Juliet  :   Juliet loves the beat and the lust it commands / drop the dagger and lather the blood on your hands, Romeo. In the song, This Town, Your Grave, the band Innerpartysystem alludes to Macbeth with this line:   Washing your hands in blood wont take away the stain.

The Development of Roads in the Industrial Revolution

The Development of Roads in the Industrial Revolution Pre-1700, the British road network hadn’t experienced many major additions since the Romans had built some over a millennia and a half earlier. The main roads were largely the decayed remains of the Roman system, with little attempt at improvements until after 1750. Queen Mary Tudor had passed a law making parishes responsible for roads, and each was expected to use labour, which workers were obliged to offer, for free six days a year; landowners were expected to offer the materials and equipment. Unfortunately, the workers were not specialised and often didn’t know what to do when they got there, and with no pay there wasn’t much incentive to really try. The result was a poor network with much regional variation. Despite the appalling conditions of the roads, they were still in use and vital in areas not near a major river or port. Freight went via the packhorse, a slow, cumbersome activity which was expensive and low in capacity. Livestock could be moved by herding them while alive, but this was a tiring process. People used the roads to travel, but movement was very slow and only the desperate or the rich travelled much. The road system encouraged parochialism in Britain, with few people – and thus few ideas – and few products travelling widely. The Turnpike Trusts The one bright spot among the British road system were the Turnpike Trusts. These organisations took care of gated sections of road, and charged a toll on everybody travelling along them, to be ploughed into upkeep. The first turnpike was created in 1663 on the A1, although it was not run by a trust, and the idea didn’t catch on until the start of the eighteenth century. The first actual trust was created by Parliament in 1703, and a small number were created each year until 1750. Between 1750 and 1772, with the needs of industrialization pressing, this number was much higher. Most turnpikes improved the speed and quality of travel, but they increased the cost as you now had to pay. While the government spent time arguing over wheel sizes (see below), the turnpikes targeted the root cause of the problem in the shape of road conditions. Their work on improving conditions also produced road specialists who worked on larger solutions which could then be copied. There were criticisms of turnpikes, from a few bad trusts who simply kept all the money, to the fact that only around a fifth of the British road network was covered, and then only the major roads. Local traffic, the main type, benefited much less. In some areas parish roads were actually in better conditions and cheaper. Even so, the expansion of Turnpikes caused a major expansion in wheeled transport. Legislation After 1750 With a growing understanding of Britain’s industrial expansion and population growth, the government passed laws aimed at preventing the road system decaying any further, rather than improving the situation. The Broadwheel Act of 1753 widened the wheels on vehicles to reduce damage, and the General Highway Act of 1767 made adjustments to the wheel size and number of horses per carriage. In 1776 a law provided for parishes to employ men specifically to repair roads. The Results of Improved Roads With the quality of roads improving – albeit slowly and inconsistently – a greater volume could be moved faster, especially expensive items which would absorb the turnpike bills. By 1800 stagecoaches became so frequent that they had their own timetables, and the vehicles themselves were improved with better suspension. British parochialism was broken down and communications improved. For instance, the Royal Mail was set up in 1784, and their coaches took post and passengers across the country. While industry did rely on roads at the start of its revolution, they played a far smaller role in moving freight than the newly emerging transport systems, and it is arguably roads’ weaknesses which stimulated the building of canals and railways. However, where historians once identified a decline in roads as new transport emerged, this is largely rejected now, with the understanding that roads were vital for local networks and the movement of goods and people once they had come off the canals or railways, whereas the latter were more important nationally.

Waste Management Reseach Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Waste Management Reseach - Research Paper Example Sampling is concerned with selecting a section of the population (sample) to carry out research, in order to find out certain characteristic of a population. The objective of carrying out the sampling exercise will be to determine if there is any connection between operating street sweepers and contraction of chronic diseases. Random sampling method will be used. The sample population will consist of one hundred street sweeper operators and the same number of city staff who work in the office. Confidentiality of the informants will be paramount and no one will be required to give their names or any other personal information. They will have to give their consent before the experiment begins. The questionnaires will be administered to the two groups separately, together with focus group discussions. This method will be used because it is cheap and not time consuming. A set of questions will be administered to the target audience. The type of questions will include the number of years that they have been doing the street sweeper operator job, their medical history and other socio-demographic factors. The two groups of respondents will be required to fill in the questionnaires. The medical history will look at respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and asthma. End results will be presented in the form of graphs for analysis. If from the medical history, the street operators are proved to have acquired new infections, then, more studies will need to be conducted into the issue. The work environment of the street sweepers will therefore, be a hazard, requiring to be controlled or eliminated (Ericson, 2005). 2) What is the pel of the substances that you might detect? Permissible exposure limits are enforced to protect workers from the negative effects of being exposed to substances that are a hazard to their health. They are divided into two according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency; PM 10, basically are particulates with a diameter of less than ten microns in diameter. The other is PM 2.5, which are particulates with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns. Particulates with a diameter of less diameter are inhaled and easily absorbed into the cells of the body and consequently to the bloodstream. Consistent exposure to the particles will lead to contraction of respiratory diseases. The waste removed by the street sweeps is mainly composed of sulphates and nitrates from wearing out of roads and rubber form vehicle tires and gasoline combustion. Dust is also a crucial component, composed mainly of silica and metal. The following permissible exposure limits are established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Sand has a permissible exposure limit of is 0.1mg/m3 , whose overexposure can lead to pulmonary diseases such as silicosis. The pel of dust, on the other hand is 15mg/m3 ,can also damage the respiratory system. 3) What are your recommendations? Occupational health and safety should be available to th e operators, which should among others include regular medical examination. Through these processes, infections will be able to be detected earlier on and treated. Other occupational health steps to reduce infections in the work place will include provision of protective gears such as masks (Sullivan, 2010); through such a process, infections will